Recent Events

• ILA British Spring Branch Conference – On 29 April 2022, Oonagh Sands participated in a panel entitled “International Investment Law and Climate Change”. The panel forms part of the International Law Association, British Branch Spring Conference 2022 on “International Law and Climate Change”.

  ILA British Spring Branch Conference – On 29 April 2022, Oonagh Sands participated in a panel entitled “International Investment Law and Climate Change”.  The panel forms part of the International Law Association, British Branch Spring Conference 2022 on “International Law and Climate Change”.

• Vienna Arbitration Days 2022 – On 25 February 2022, Oonagh Sands moderated two discussions during the Vienna Arbitration Days 2022. The discussions addressed “Recent Treaties and Reform Proposals on the Standing and Rights of Shareholders and Companies in Investment Treaty Arbitration”.

  Vienna Arbitration Days 2022 – On 25 February 2022, Oonagh Sands moderated two discussions during the Vienna Arbitration Days 2022.  The discussions addressed “Recent Treaties and Reform Proposals on the Standing and Rights of Shareholders and Companies in Investment Treaty Arbitration”.

• Fietta recognised as Global Leaders in Public International Law – Chambers Global 2022 has ranked Fietta LLP a global market leader in public international law and international arbitration with “strength handling investor-state arbitration and providing expert advice on treaty law.” Stephen Fietta QC is ranked as a global top-tier practitioner in public international law (and the only top-ranked law firm practitioner in Europe). The Chambers Global firm profile can be viewed here.

  Fietta recognised as Global Leaders in Public International Law – Chambers Global 2022 has ranked Fietta LLP a global market leader in public international law and international arbitration with “strength handling investor-state arbitration and providing expert advice on treaty law.” Stephen Fietta QC is ranked as a global top-tier practitioner in public international law (and the only top-ranked law firm practitioner in Europe). The Chambers Global firm profile can be viewed here.

• Basel Winter Arbitration School – On 11 February 2022, Jiries Saadeh spoke at the Basel Winter Arbitration School on oral and written skills in arbitration and joined another panel on careers in international arbitration. Fietta LLP is a proud sponsor of the event, which has been organised jointly by the University of Basel and BIICL.

  Basel Winter Arbitration School – On 11 February 2022, Jiries Saadeh spoke at the Basel Winter Arbitration School on oral and written skills in arbitration and joined another panel on careers in international arbitration.  Fietta LLP is a proud sponsor of the event, which has been organised jointly by the University of Basel and BIICL.

• Chapter on Investor State Arbitration in the UK – Jiries Saadeh and Miglena Angelova contributed a chapter on “UK: Investor State Arbitration Laws and Regulations”, published in the International Comparative Legal Guide – Investor-State Arbitration 2022. To read the full chapter, click here.

  Chapter on Investor State Arbitration in the UK – Jiries Saadeh and Miglena Angelova contributed a chapter on “UK: Investor State Arbitration Laws and Regulations”, published in the International Comparative Legal Guide – Investor-State Arbitration 2022. To read the full chapter, click here.

• Co-chair of GAR Live: London 2021 Conference – On 9 November 2021, Stephen Fietta QC co-chaired the GAR Live: London 2021 conference, the first such event since 2019. Panels of leading practitioners and experts discussed topical issues such as the practice of international arbitration after the COVID pandemic, the drive towards carbon-neutrality in international arbitration, the future of arbitration involving State parties in the UK and Europe and the enforceability of tribunal sanctions. Stephen commented: “It was a huge pleasure today to co-chair (with Hilary Heilbron QC) one of the first in-person international arbitration conferences since the pandemic. I would like to thank all of our speakers, attendees, organisers and sponsors for making the event such a great success.”

  Co-chair of GAR Live: London 2021 Conference – On 9 November 2021, Stephen Fietta QC co-chaired the GAR Live: London 2021 conference, the first such event since 2019.  Panels of leading practitioners and experts discussed topical issues such as the practice of international arbitration after the COVID pandemic, the drive towards carbon-neutrality in international arbitration, the future of arbitration involving State parties in the UK and Europe and the enforceability of tribunal sanctions. Stephen commented: “It was a huge pleasure today to co-chair (with Hilary Heilbron QC) one of the first in-person international arbitration conferences since the pandemic. I would like to thank all of our speakers, attendees, organisers and sponsors for making the event such a great success.”

• Final Webinar of 2021 Public International Law Series – On 3 November 2021, the final webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Webinar Series took place. Judge Tim Eicke, Professor Neha Jain and Professor Christian Tams discussed key public international law developments of 2021. The webinar concluded with a closing address by Rodman Bundy.

  Final Webinar of 2021 Public International Law Series – On 3 November 2021, the final webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Webinar Series took place. Judge Tim Eicke, Professor Neha Jain and Professor Christian Tams discussed key public international law developments of 2021. The webinar concluded with a closing address by Rodman Bundy.

• Top-Tier PIL Rankings in Chambers UK 2022 – Chambers UK ranked Fietta LLP as a top-tier public international law firm in its 2022 Directory. It notes that the firm is particularly known for “advising on both sides of sophisticated investor-state disputes” and “offers considerable expertise in matters regarding state succession and sovereignty, the Law of the Sea and boundary delimitations”. Stephen Fietta QC and Jiries Saadeh are both recognised as leading lawyers in the field. For more details, see Chambers UK 2022. Stephen Fietta QC commented: “We are immensely proud to be ranked in Band 1 this year by both Chambers and Legal 500. We would like to thank everybody who has contributed to this achievement, particularly our clients and professional colleagues who have provided references to the two directories over the years.”

  Top-Tier PIL Rankings in Chambers UK 2022 – Chambers UK ranked Fietta LLP as a top-tier public international law firm in its 2022 Directory.  It notes that the firm is particularly known for “advising on both sides of sophisticated investor-state disputes” and “offers considerable expertise in matters regarding state succession and sovereignty, the Law of the Sea and boundary delimitations”.Stephen Fietta QC and Jiries Saadeh are both recognised as leading lawyers in the field.  For more details, see Chambers UK 2022.  Stephen Fietta QC commented: “We are immensely proud to be ranked in Band 1 this year by both Chambers and Legal 500.  We would like to thank everybody who has contributed to this achievement, particularly our clients and professional colleagues who have provided references to the two directories over the years.”

• Fourth Webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Series – On 26 October 2021, the fourth webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Series took place, titled “How States Negotiate their Treaties”. Oonagh Sands and Ryce Lee served as moderators. The panel looked at the practice of treaty negotiations, with insights from four distinguished present and former government legal advisers.

  Fourth Webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Series – On 26 October 2021, the fourth webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Series took place, titled “How States Negotiate their Treaties”. Oonagh Sands and Ryce Lee served as moderators. The panel looked at the practice of treaty negotiations, with insights from four distinguished present and former government legal advisers.

• Appointment as Deputy District Judge – On 18 October 2021, Jiries Saadeh was appointed a Deputy District Judge by the Lord Chief Justice, sitting on the South Eastern Circuit. Jiries takes on this part-time judicial role alongside his current practice at the firm.

  Appointment as Deputy District Judge – On 18 October 2021, Jiries Saadeh was appointed a Deputy District Judge by the Lord Chief Justice, sitting on the South Eastern Circuit. Jiries takes on this part-time judicial role alongside his current practice at the firm.

• Space Policy & Law Course – On 11 October 2021, – Oonagh Sands participated in two panels during the three-day “Space Policy & Law Course” by the London Institute of Space Policy and Law. The panels addressed “The Legal Regime of Outer Space” and “The Laws Governing Space Applications”, respectively.

  Space Policy & Law Course – On 11 October 2021,Oonagh Sands participated in two panels during the three-day “Space Policy & Law Course” by the London Institute of Space Policy and Law. The panels addressed “The Legal Regime of Outer Space” and “The Laws Governing Space Applications”, respectively.

• First Webinar of 2021 Public International Law Series – On 6 October 2021, the first webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Series took place. The session was opened by keynote speakers, Professor Shotaro Hamamoto and Professor Simon Chesterman, who shared their views on issues of legitimacy in the international legal order. The keynote addresses was followed by a panel discussion on the ever-expanding remit of tribunals constituted under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).

  First Webinar of 2021 Public International Law Series – On 6 October 2021, the first webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Series took place.  The session was opened by keynote speakers, Professor Shotaro Hamamoto and Professor Simon Chesterman, who shared their views on issues of legitimacy in the international legal order.  The keynote addresses was followed by a panel discussion on the ever-expanding remit of tribunals constituted under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).

• Recognition in The Legal 500 UK – In September 2021, the Legal 500 UK 2022 has again ranked Fietta LLP as a top-tier public international law firm with an “enviable track record of winning treaty cases” and “truly standout individuals”. Stephen Fietta QC is recognised as a member of the public international law “Hall of Fame” and Jiries Saadeh, Ashique Rahman, Oonagh Sands and Laura Rees-Evans all receive individual recognition as leading lawyers in our field. See Fietta’s Legal 500 Profile.

  Recognition in The Legal 500 UK – In September 2021, the Legal 500 UK 2022 has again ranked Fietta LLP as a top-tier public international law firm with an “enviable track record of winning treaty cases” and “truly standout individuals”. Stephen Fietta QCis recognised as a member of the public international law “Hall of Fame” and Jiries Saadeh, Ashique Rahman, Oonagh Sands and Laura Rees-Evans all receive individual recognition as leading lawyers in our field. See Fietta’s Legal 500 Profile. 

• Launch of 2021 Public International Law Webinar Series – On 21 September 2021, Fietta LLP launched the 2021 Public International Law Webinar Series, organised by David Grief International Consultancy, Duxton Hill Chambers (Singapore Group Practice), Fietta LLP, Rajah & Tann Asia, and the Sydney Centre for International Law.

  Launch of 2021 Public International Law Webinar Series – On 21 September 2021, Fietta LLP launched the 2021 Public International Law Webinar Series, organised by David Grief International Consultancy, Duxton Hill Chambers (Singapore Group Practice), Fietta LLP, Rajah & Tann Asia, and the Sydney Centre for International Law.

• Appointment to Asian International Arbitration Centre’s Young Practitioners’ Group – On 30 July 2021, Ashique Rahman was appointed the representative in Europe for the Asian International Arbitration Centre’s Young Practitioners’ Group.

  Appointment to Asian International Arbitration Centre’s Young Practitioners’ Group – On 30 July 2021, Ashique Rahman was appointed the representative in Europe for the Asian International Arbitration Centre’s Young Practitioners’ Group.

• Recognition by GAR 100 – In July 2021, Fietta was again recognised by GAR 100 as one of the world’s leading international arbitration practices. For further information, see here.

  Recognition by GAR 100 – In July 2021, Fietta was again recognised by GAR 100 as one of the world’s leading international arbitration practices. For further information, see here.

• QMUL Lecture on Expropriation of Foreign Investments – On 28 July 2021, Ashique Rahman delivered a lecture on “expropriation of foreign investments” to post-graduate students on the International Dispute Resolution programme at Queen Mary University of London.

  QMUL Lecture on Expropriation of Foreign Investments – On 28 July 2021, Ashique Rahman delivered a lecture on “expropriation of foreign investments” to post-graduate students on the International Dispute Resolution programme at Queen Mary University of London.

• National Institute for South China Sea Studies Event – On 12 July 2021, Stephen Fietta QC spoke at an event hosted by the National Institute for South China Sea Studies to mark the fifth anniversary of the South China Sea award. Stephen provided a critical overview of the UNCLOS Tribunal’s acceptance of jurisdiction over aspects of the dispute. The event included speakers from China, the ASEAN region, Europe and North America.

  National Institute for South China Sea Studies Event – On 12 July 2021, Stephen Fietta QCspoke at an event hosted by the National Institute for South China Sea Studies to mark the fifth anniversary of the South China Sea award.  Stephen provided a critical overview of the UNCLOS Tribunal’s acceptance of jurisdiction over aspects of the dispute. The event included speakers from China, the ASEAN region, Europe and North America.

• Investor protection in Europe Webinar – On 30 June 2021, Laura Rees-Evans spoke at a webinar entitled “Investor protection in Europe – what does the future hold?”, co-organised by Fietta LLP, Bench Walk, NL-Investment Consulting and Twenty Essex. To view the recording of the webinar, click here, and for a summary of the discussion published in the Kluwer Arbitration Blog, click here.

  Investor protection in Europe Webinar – On 30 June 2021, Laura Rees-Evansspoke at a webinar entitled “Investor protection in Europe – what does the future hold?”, co-organised by Fietta LLP, Bench Walk, NL-Investment Consulting and Twenty Essex. To view the recording of the webinar, click here, and for a summary of the discussion published in the Kluwer Arbitration Blog, click here.

• LexisNexis Webinar on Brexit – On 3 June 2021, Laura Rees-Evans delivered a webinar for LexisNexis on “Brexit – consequences for civil and international disputes (2021)”. In it, Laura covers the topics of UK-EU investment protection pre- and post-Brexit, and UK-EU dispute resolution under the Withdrawal Agreement and the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement. Laura’s co-presenter covers the consequences of Brexit for civil disputes.

  LexisNexis Webinar on Brexit – On 3 June 2021, Laura Rees-Evans delivered a webinar for LexisNexis on “Brexit – consequences for civil and international disputes (2021)”. In it, Laura covers the topics of UK-EU investment protection pre- and post-Brexit, and UK-EU dispute resolution under the Withdrawal Agreement and the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement. Laura’s co-presenter covers the consequences of Brexit for civil disputes.

• 11 November 2021 – Jiries Saadeh and Miglena Angelova are pleased to have contributed a chapter on “UK: Investor State Arbitration Laws and Regulations”, published in the International Comparative Legal Guide – Investor-State Arbitration 2022. To read the full chapter, click the link below: https://iclg.com/practice-areas/investor-state-arbitration-laws-and-regulations/united-kingdom

  11 November 2021 – Jiries Saadeh and Miglena Angelova are pleased to have contributed a chapter on “UK: Investor State Arbitration Laws and Regulations”, published in the International Comparative Legal Guide – Investor-State Arbitration 2022. To read the full chapter, click the link below:
  https://iclg.com/practice-areas/investor-state-arbitration-laws-and-regulations/united-kingdom

• 9 November 2021 – Stephen Fietta QC today co-chaired the GAR Live: London 2021 conference, the first such event since 2019. Panels of leading practitioners and experts discussed topical issues such as the practice of international arbitration after the COVID pandemic, the drive towards carbon-neutrality in international arbitration, the future of arbitration involving State parties in the UK and Europe and the enforceability of tribunal sanctions. Stephen comments: “It was a huge pleasure today to co-chair (with Hilary Heilbron QC) one of the first in-person international arbitration conferences since the pandemic. I would like to thank all of our speakers, attendees, organisers and sponsors for making the event such a great success”.

  9 November 2021 – Stephen Fietta QC today co-chaired the GAR Live: London 2021 conference, the first such event since 2019.  Panels of leading practitioners and experts discussed topical issues such as the practice of international arbitration after the COVID pandemic, the drive towards carbon-neutrality in international arbitration, the future of arbitration involving State parties in the UK and Europe and the enforceability of tribunal sanctions.  Stephen comments: “It was a huge pleasure today to co-chair (with Hilary Heilbron QC) one of the first in-person international arbitration conferences since the pandemic.  I would like to thank all of our speakers, attendees, organisers and sponsors for making the event such a great success”.

• 2 November 2021 – Join us on Wednesday, 3 November 2021 for the final webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Webinar Series. Judge Tim Eicke, Professor Neha Jain and Professor Christian Tams will discuss key public international law developments of 2021. The webinar will conclude with a closing address by Rodman Bundy. Register here to attend: https://rajahtann.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_B2qNrG-DS8-wLvIAfuiKng

  2 November 2021 – Join us on Wednesday, 3 November 2021 for the final webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Webinar Series. Judge Tim Eicke, Professor Neha Jain and Professor Christian Tams will discuss key public international law developments of 2021. The webinar will conclude with a closing address by Rodman Bundy. Register here to attend.

• 22 October 2021 – Chambers UK has ranked Fietta LLP as a top-tier public international law firm in its 2022 Directory. It notes that the firm is particularly known for “advising on both sides of sophisticated investor-state disputes” and “offers considerable expertise in matters regarding state succession and sovereignty, the Law of the Sea and boundary delimitations”. Stephen Fietta QC and Jiries Saadeh are both recognised as leading lawyers in the field. For more details, see Chambers UK 2022. Stephen Fietta QC comments: “We are immensely proud to be ranked in Band 1 this year by both Chambers and Legal 500. We would like to thank everybody who has contributed to this achievement, particularly our clients and professional colleagues who have provided references to the two directories over the years”.

  22 October 2021 – Chambers UK has ranked Fietta LLP as a top-tier public international law firm in its 2022 Directory.  It notes that the firm is particularly known for “advising on both sides of sophisticated investor-state disputes” and “offers considerable expertise in matters regarding state succession and sovereignty, the Law of the Sea and boundary delimitations”. Stephen Fietta QC and Jiries Saadeh are both recognised as leading lawyers in the field.  For more details, see Chambers UK 2022.  Stephen Fietta QC comments: “We are immensely proud to be ranked in Band 1 this year by both Chambers and Legal 500.  We would like to thank everybody who has contributed to this achievement, particularly our clients and professional colleagues who have provided references to the two directories over the years”.

• Fourth Webinar of 2021 Public International Law Series – On 22 October 2021, the fourth webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Series took place. The panel looked at the practice of treaty negotiations, with insights from four present and former government legal advisers. Oonagh Sands and Ryce Lee served as moderators.

  Fourth Webinar of 2021 Public International Law Series – On 22 October 2021, the fourth webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Series took place. The panel looked at the practice of treaty negotiations, with insights from four present and former government legal advisers. Oonagh Sands and Ryce Lee served as moderators.

• 18 October 2021 – Fietta LLP is delighted to announce that Jiries Saadeh has been appointed a Deputy District Judge by the Lord Chief Justice, sitting on the South Eastern Circuit. Jiries will take on this part-time judicial role alongside his current practice at the firm.

  18 October 2021 – Fietta LLP is delighted to announce that Jiries Saadeh has been appointed a Deputy District Judge by the Lord Chief Justice, sitting on the South Eastern Circuit. Jiries will take on this part-time judicial role alongside his current practice at the firm.

• 11 October 2021 – Oonagh Sands participated in two panels during the three-day “Space Policy & Law Course” by the London Institute of Space Policy and Law. The panels addressed “The Legal Regime of Outer Space” and “The Laws Governing Space Applications”, respectively.

  11 October 2021 – Oonagh Sands participated in two panels during the three-day “Space Policy & Law Course” by the London Institute of Space Policy and Law. The panels addressed “The Legal Regime of Outer Space” and “The Laws Governing Space Applications”, respectively.

• 6 October 2021 – Join us for the first webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Series, taking place on Wednesday, 6 October 2021. The session will be opened by keynote speakers, Professor Shotaro Hamamoto and Professor Simon Chesterman, who will share their views on issues of legitimacy in the international legal order. The keynote addresses will be followed by a panel discussion on the ever-expanding remit of tribunals constituted under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Please register for the webinar through the link in the flyer attached.

  6 October 2021 – Join us for the first webinar of the 2021 Public International Law Series, taking place on Wednesday, 6 October 2021.  The session will be opened by keynote speakers, Professor Shotaro Hamamoto and Professor Simon Chesterman, who will share their views on issues of legitimacy in the international legal order.  The keynote addresses will be followed by a panel discussion on the ever-expanding remit of tribunals constituted under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).  Please register for the webinar through the link in the flyer attached.

• September 2021 – The Legal 500 UK 2022 has again ranked Fietta LLP as a top-tier public international law firm with an “enviable track record of winning treaty cases” and “truly standout individuals”. Stephen Fietta QC is recognised as a member of the public international law “Hall of Fame” and Jiries Saadeh, Ashique Rahman, Oonagh Sands and Laura Rees-Evans all receive individual recognition as leading lawyers in our field. See Fietta Legal 500 Profile 

  September 2021 – The Legal 500 UK 2022 has again ranked Fietta LLP as a top-tier public international law firm with an “enviable track record of winning treaty cases” and “truly standout individuals”. Stephen Fietta QC is recognised as a member of the public international law “Hall of Fame” and Jiries Saadeh, Ashique Rahman, Oonagh Sands and Laura Rees-Evans all receive individual recognition as leading lawyers in our field. See Fietta Legal 500 Profile 

• 21 September 2021 – Delighted to launch the 2021 Public International Law Webinar Series, organised by David Grief International Consultancy, Duxton Hill Chambers (Singapore Group Practice), Fietta LLP, Rajah & Tann Asia, and the Sydney Centre for International Law. Please register through the links in the flyer. Thanks to David Grief, Chester Brown and Matthew Koh (許恩達) for making it possible.

  21 September 2021 – Fietta LLP is delighted to launch the 2021 Public International Law Webinar Series, organised by David Grief International Consultancy, Duxton Hill Chambers (Singapore Group Practice), Fietta LLP, Rajah & Tann Asia, and the Sydney Centre for International Law. Please register through the links in the flyer.

• 30 July 2021 – Ashique Rahman has been appointed the representative in Europe for the Asian International Arbitration Centre’s Young Practitioners’ Group.”

  30 July – Ashique Rahman has been appointed the representative in Europe for the Asian International Arbitration Centre’s Young Practitioners’ Group.

• July 2021 – Fietta has again been recognised by GAR 100 as one of the world’s leading international arbitration practices. For further information, see here.

  July 2021 – Fietta has again been recognised by GAR 100 as one of the world’s leading international arbitration practices. For further information, see here.

• 28 July – Ashique Rahman delivered a lecture on “expropriation of foreign investments” to post-graduate students on the International Dispute Resolution programme at Queen Mary University of London.

  28 July 2021 – Ashique Rahman delivered a lecture on “expropriation of foreign investments” to post-graduate students on the International Dispute Resolution programme at Queen Mary University of London.

• 12 July 2021 – Stephen Fietta QC spoke at an event hosted by the National Institute for South China Sea Studies to mark the fifth anniversary of the South China Sea award. Stephen provided a critical overview of the UNCLOS Tribunal’s acceptance of jurisdiction over aspects of the dispute. The event included speakers from China, the ASEAN region, Europe and North America.

  12 July 2021 – Stephen Fietta QC spoke at an event hosted by the National Institute for South China Sea Studies to mark the fifth anniversary of the South China Sea award.  Stephen provided a critical overview of the UNCLOS Tribunal’s acceptance of jurisdiction over aspects of the dispute. The event included speakers from China, the ASEAN region, Europe and North America.

• 30 June 2021 – Laura Rees-Evans spoke at a webinar entitled “Investor protection in Europe – what does the future hold?”, co-organised by Fietta LLP, Bench Walk, NL-Investment Consulting and Twenty Essex. To view the recording of the webinar, click here, and for a summary of the discussion published in the Kluwer Arbitration Blog, click here.

  30 June 2021 – Laura Rees-Evans spoke at a webinar entitled “Investor protection in Europe – what does the future hold?”, co-organised by Fietta LLP, Bench Walk, NL-Investment Consulting and Twenty Essex. To view the recording of the webinar, click here, and for a summary of the discussion published in the Kluwer Arbitration Blog, click here.

• 3 June 2021 – Laura Rees-Evans delivered a webinar for LexisNexis on “Brexit – consequences for civil and international disputes (2021)”. In it, Laura covers the topics of UK-EU investment protection pre- and post-Brexit, and UK-EU dispute resolution under the Withdrawal Agreement and the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement. Laura’s co-presenter covers the consequences of Brexit for civil disputes. The webinar can be accessed with a subscription and is available here. If you would like to view the webinar but do not currently have a subscription to LexisNexis, please contact Laura for further details.

  3 June 2021 – Laura Rees-Evans delivered a webinar for LexisNexis on “Brexit – consequences for civil and international disputes (2021)”. In it, Laura covers the topics of UK-EU investment protection pre- and post-Brexit, and UK-EU dispute resolution under the Withdrawal Agreement and the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement. Laura’s co-presenter covers the consequences of Brexit for civil disputes. The webinar can be accessed with a subscription and is available here. If you would like to view the webinar but do not currently have a subscription to LexisNexis, please contact Laura for further details.